| American Samoa | Pacific | 7* | five volcanic islands, two coral atolls * | oceanic, coral, volcanic* | 224.00* | steep volcanic mountains, narrow coastal plains, 90% of the islands are covered in tropical rainforest* | 964.0* | Lata Mountain* |
31* | 21* |
15.48* | Time span: 2009-2025; Completeness: ??%; Station ID: 1770000* | 49,710* | 2020* | 221.9* | 2020* | -1.600* | 2024* | 18,018* | 2022* | fish processing, fishing, tourism, handicrafts* | 0.938* | 2023* | dependent (unincorporated territory of the US)* | Pago Pago has one of the best natural deepwater harbors in the South P... |
| Amrum | North Sea | 1* | Belongs to the German island group Nordfriesische Inseln* | continental | 19.90* | flat, partly forested moraine in the east, sand dunes and beaches at the west coast* | 32.0* | A Siatler* |
11* | 50* |
0.00 | | 2,306* | 2022* | 112.8* | 2022* | 0.000 | | | | tourism | 0.959* | 2023* | dependent (territory of Germany)* | located in the German Wadden Sea... |
| Anguilla | Caribbean | 23* | main island+ approx. 22 smaller islands and cays* | oceanic, coral | 91.00* | flat and low-lying island of coral and limestone* | 65.0* | Crocus Hill* |
48* | 106* |
0.00 | | 12,025* | 2022* | 132.1* | 2022* | 1.710* | 2025* | 31,000* | 2024* | offshore banking, tourism, boat building* | 0.946* | 2023* | dependent (territory of the UK)* | Frequent hurricanes and other tropical storms (July to October) |
| Antigua and Barbuda | Caribbean | 2* | 2 main islands + approx. 35 smaller islands* | oceanic, coral, volcanic | 443.00* | mostly low-lying limestone and coral islands, with some higher volcanic areas* | 402.0* | Boggy Peak* |
41* | 138* |
0.00 | | 102,634* | 2024* | 231.7* | 2024* | 1.090* | 2025* | 23,543* | 2024* | construction, tourism, light manufacturing* | 0.851* | 2023* | independent (constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system of government and a Commonwealth realm)* | 1. Antigua has a deeply indented shoreline with many natural harbors a... |
| Aruba | Caribbean | 1* | Aruba is one of the three ABC islands * | continental, volcanic | 180.00* | flat with a few hills; scant vegetation* | 188.0* | Ceru Jamanota* |
18* | 81* |
0.00 | | 108,166* | 2020* | 600.0* | 2020* | 0.600* | 2024* | 39,499* | 2024* | offshore banking, tourism, petroleum transshipment facilities* | 0.955* | 2023* | dependent (autonomous parliamentary democracy, but part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)* | Unlike much of the Caribbean region, Aruba has a dry climate and an ar... |
| Azores | Atlantic | 9* | the archipelago is divided into 3 groups- the Eastern group (Santa Maria & São Miguel), the Central group (Terceira, Graciosa, São Jorge & Pico e Faial) and the Western group (Flores & Corvo)* | volcanic* | 2,322.00* | volcanic mountainous terrain with high basaltic cliffs, lower coastal areas, bays and some sandy beaches* | 2,351.0* | Mount Pico* |
77* | 39* |
3.86* | Time span: 1978-2018; Completeness: 75%; Station ID: 360-001 * | 245,328* | 2025* | 105.7* | 2025* | 0.400* | 2025* | 24,155* | 2023* | agriculture, fishing, services, wholesale and retail trade* | 0.890* | 2023* | dependent (autonomous parliamentary democracy, but part of Portugal)* | remote EU outermost region with high transport, logistics and energy c... |
| Bahamas | Atlantic | 700* | 30 inhabitated islands + approx. 670 uninhabitated islands (+ approx. 2000 coral reefs)* | coral | 13,880.00* | long, flat coral formations with some low rounded hills* | 63.0* | Mount Alvernia on Cat Island* |
39* | 118* |
3.56* | Time span: 1985-2018; Completeness: 89%; Station ID: 941-002 * | 398,165* | 2022* | 28.6* | 2022* | 1.200* | 2022* | 39,455* | 2024* | offshore banking, pharmacy, tourism, oil bunkering, transshipment and logistics, salt, maritime industries* | 0.820* | 2023* | independent (constitutional parliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm)* | strategic location adjacent to US and Cuba; extensive island chain of ... |
| Bahrain | Indian Ocean | 33* | archipelago of 33 islands
* | continental, volcanic | 760.00* | mostly low desert plain rising gently to low central escarpment* | 122.0* | Jabal ad Dukhan* |
13* | |
0.00 | | 1,501,635* | 2020* | 1,975.8* | 2020* | 0.700* | 2024* | 29,654* | 2024* | oil* | 0.899* | 2023* | independent (constitutional monarchy)* | Desertification resulting from the degradation of limited arable land,... |
| Bali | Indian Ocean | 34* | the Province of Bali consists of the main Island of Bali and 33 smaller islands* | coral, volcanic* | 5,590.15* | extremely mountainous volcanic terrain with many peaks above 1,500 m, steep slopes, inactive volcanic cones and limited plains; coastal plains are mostly absent except in a few small areas* | 3,142.0* | Gunung Agung* |
| 27* |
0.00 | | 4,461,300* | 2025* | 798.0* | 2025* | 0.660* | 2025* | 4,245* | 2024* | agriculture, fishing, tourism, wholesale and retail trade, manufacturing* | 0.728* | 2023* | dependent (territory of Indonesia)* | active volcanic island; Mount Agung poses risks from eruptions, pyrocl... |
| Barbados | Caribbean | 1* | main island + 1 uninhabited island* | oceanic, volcanic | 430.00* | relatively flat; rises gently to central highland region* | 336.0* | Mount Hillaby* |
46* | 86* |
0.00 | | 269,090* | 2021* | 625.8* | 2021* | 0.000* | 2024* | 26,544* | 2024* | tourism* | 0.811* | 2023* | independent (parliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm)* | Barbados is the wealthiest and most developed country in the Eastern C... |
| Belize | Caribbean | 30* | mainland area + several hundred islands and reefs* | continental, coral | 22,970.00* | flat, swampy coastal plain; low mountains in south* | 1,160.0* | Doyle's Delight* |
3* | 95* |
0.00 | | 397,483* | 2022* | 17.3* | 2022* | 1.400* | 2024* | 7,681* | 2024* | tourism* | 0.721* | 2023* | independent (constitutional parliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm)* | Only country in Central America without a coastline on the North Pacif... |
| Bermuda | Atlantic* | 138* | main island (Grand Bermuda) + 19 other inhabited islands* | oceanic, coral* | 50.00* | low hills separated by fertile depressions* | 76.0* | Town Hill* |
91* | 106* |
2.22* | Time span: 1932-2025; Completeness: ??%; Station ID: 2695540* | 63,779* | 2016* | 1,190.7* | 2016* | -0.100* | 2024* | 142,855* | 2024* | offshore banking, tourism* | 0.946* | 2023* | dependent (overseas territory of the UK)* | Bermuda was first settled in 1609 by shipwrecked English colonists hea... |
| British Virgin Islands | Caribbean | 16* | 16 inhabited + 20 uninhabited islands* | coral, volcanic* | 151.00* | coral islands relatively flat; volcanic islands steep, hilly* | 521.0* | Mount Sage* |
40* | 106* |
0.00 | | 39,471* | 2024* | 261.4* | 2024* | 1.200* | 2024* | 40,500* | 2024* | tourism* | 0.946* | 2023* | dependent (overseas territory of the UK; internal self-governing)* | strong ties to nearby US Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico |
| Brunei | Pacific* | 11* | sovereign state located on the north coast of the island of Borneo + approx. 10 smaller islands* | continental* | 5,770.00* | flat coastal plain rises to mountains in east; hilly lowland in west* | 1,850.0* | Bukit Pagon* |
46* | |
0.00 | | 440,715* | 2021* | 76.0* | 2021* | 0.800* | 2024* | 33,154* | 2024* | gas, oil* | 0.837* | 2023* | independent (constitutional sultanate (locally known as Malay Islamic Monarchy))* | Close to vital sea lanes through South China Sea linking Indian and Pa... |
| Canary Islands | Atlantic | 8* | most remote of Spain's autonomous regions* | volcanic* | 7,447.00* | volcanic archipelago; rugged and mountainous; biologically diverse* | 3,715.0* | Mount Teide* |
41* | 20* |
1.79* | Time span: 1927-2022; Completeness: 90%; Station ID: 370-032 * | 2,258,866* | 2025* | 303.3* | 2025* | 1.009* | 2025* | 27,992* | 2024* | construction, tourism* | 0.918* | 2023* | dependent (autonomous parliamentary democracy, but part part of the Spanish State)* | rich biodiversity and renewable energy resources provide opportunities... |
| Cape Verde | Atlantic | 9* | 9 inhabited + 6 uninhabited islands* | volcanic | 4,300.00* | steep, rugged, rocky, volcanic* | 2,829.0* | Mount Fogo* |
55* | 166* |
0.00 | | 491,233* | 2021* | 121.8* | 2021* | 0.500* | 2024* | 5,193* | 2024* | remittances, tourism* | 0.668* | 2023* | independent (republic)* | Cape Verde's expatriate population is greater than its domestic one |
| Cayman Islands | Caribbean* | 3* | three-island group (Grand Cayman, Cayman Brac, Little Cayman)* | oceanic, coral* | 264.00* | low-lying limestone base surrounded by coral reefs* | 43.0* | The Bluff - on Cayman Brac* |
49* | 106* |
0.00 | | 71,432* | 2021* | 270.6* | 2021* | 1.900* | 2024* | 99,144* | 2023* | offshore banking, offshore financial services* | 0.946* | 2023* | dependent (overseas territory of the UK)* | no natural freshwater resources; drinking water supplies must be met b... |
| Commonwealth of the Northern Marianas | Pacific | 14* | the 14 islands are part of an archipelago* | oceanic, coral, volcanic | 464.00* | southern islands are limestone with level terraces and fringing coral reefs; northern islands are volcanic* | 965.0* | unnamed - on Agrihan* |
78* | 106* |
1.81* | Time span: 1978-2018; Completeness: 90%; Station ID: 700-011* | 47,329* | 2020* | 102.0* | 2020* | -1.900* | 2024* | 23,786* | 2022* | tourism* | 0.946* | 2023* | dependent (commonwealth; self-governing with locally elected governor, lieutenant governor, and legislature)* | Active volcanoes on Pagan and Agrihan |
| Comoros | Indian Ocean | 3* | 3 main islands + 7 smaller islands* | oceanic, volcanic | 1,860.00* | volcanic islands, interiors vary from steep mountains to low hills* | 2,360.0* | Karthala* |
49* | 76* |
0.00 | | 758,316* | 2017* | 407.7* | 2017* | 1.900* | 2024* | 1,663* | 2024* | agriculture* | 0.603* | 2023* | independent (republic)* | Comoros has endured more than 20 coups or attempted coups since gainin... |
| Cook Islands | Pacific | 15* | 15 volcanic islands and coral atolls, only 12 are inhabited* | coral, volcanic* | 236.00* | low coral atolls in north; volcanic, hilly islands in south* | 652.0* | Te Manga* |
106* | 102* |
2.37* | Time span: 1977-2018; Completeness: 96%; Station ID: 775-001* | 15,040* | 2021* | 64.0* | 2021* | -2.150* | 2025* | 29,800* | 2024* | agriculture, tourism* | 0.955* | 2023* | dependent (autonomous parliamentary democracy, but part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)* | The northern Cook Islands are seven low-lying, sparsely populated, cor... |
| Cuba | Caribbean | 2* | Cuba + Isla de la Juventud +approx. 1000 smaller islands* | continental, coral | 109,890.00* | mostly flat to rolling plains, with rugged hills and mountains in the southeast* | 2,005.0* | Pico Turquino* |
33* | |
2.46* | Time span: 1974-2021; Completeness: 99%; Station ID: 930-031 * | 10,979,783* | 2024* | 99.9* | 2024* | -0.400* | 2024* | 9,605* | 2020* | sugar, tourism, services, tobbaco* | 0.762* | 2023* | independent (socialist state)* | Largest country in Caribbean and westernmost island of the Greater Ant... |
| Curaçao | Caribbean | 1* | 1 main island + 1 uninhabitated island* | continental | 444.00* | generally low, hilly terrain* | 372.0* | Mt. Christoffel* |
22* | 81* |
0.00 | | 155,826* | 2023* | 351.0* | 2023* | 0.800* | 2024* | 22,833* | 2024* | offshore financial services, tourism, petroleum refining* | 0.955* | 2023* | dependent (autonomous parliamentary democracy, but part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)* | In referenda in 2005 and 2009, the citizens of Curacao voted to become... |
| Dominica | Caribbean | 1* | - | volcanic | 750.00* | rugged mountains of volcanic origin* | 1,447.0* | Morne Diablotins* |
41* | 152* |
0.00 | | 66,205* | 2024* | 88.3* | 2024* | -0.500* | 2024* | 10,405* | 2024* | offshore banking, tourism, offshore medical education* | 0.761* | 2023* | independent (member of the Commonwealth of Nations - parliamentary democracy)* | Some 3000 Carib Indians still living on Dominica are the only pre-Colu... |
| Dominican Republic | Caribbean | 1* | eastern part of Hispaniola + 9 uninhabited islands* | continental | 48,670.00* | rugged highlands and mountains with fertile valleys interspersed* | 3,175.0* | Pico Duarte* |
43* | 83* |
0.00 | | 10,773* | 2022* | 223.0* | 2022* | 0.800* | 2024* | 10,876* | 2024* | remittances, telecommunications, tourism* | 0.776* | 2023* | independent (republic)* | Shares island of Hispaniola with Haiti |
| Federated State of Micronesia | Pacific | 607* | four major island groups* | oceanic, coral, volcanic | 700.00* | islands vary geologically from high mountainous islands to low, coral atolls; volcanic outcroppings on Pohnpei, Kosrae, and Chuuk* | 791.0* | Dolohmwar - on Pohnpei* |
108* | 151* |
2.95* | Time span: 1974-2022; Completeness: 95%; Station ID: 710-032 * | 75,817* | 2023* | 108.3* | 2023* | 0.500* | 2024* | 4,166* | 2024* | leasing of fishing rights, tourism, US-aid* | 0.615* | 2023* | independent (constitutional government in free association with the US)* | Present concerns include large-scale unemployment, overfishing, and ov... |
| Fehmarn | Baltic Sea | 1* | Third largest island of Germany located between the Bay of Kiel in the West and the Bay of Mecklenburg* | continental* | 185.00* | Mostly flat, partly undulating interior; low dunes, beach lakes and sand spits at the north coast; Cliffed coast in the East* | 27.2* | Hinrichsberg * |
3* | 50* |
0.00 | | 13,200* | 2024* | 71.0* | 2024* | 0.000 | | | | tourism* | 0.959* | 2023* | dependent (territory of Germany)* | Home to the Wallnau Waterbird Reserve, an important bird sanctuary and... |
| Fiji | Pacific | 332* | archipelago of more than 332 islands and over 500 islets; around 110 islands are permanently inhabited; the two main islands are Viti Levu and Vanua Levu* | oceanic, coral, volcanic | 18,270.00* | mostly mountains of volcanic origin* | 1,324.0* | Tomanivi - on Viti Levu* |
88* | 163* |
7.95* | Time span: 1972-2022; Completeness: 95%; Station ID: 742-014 * | 884,887* | 2017* | 48.4* | 2017* | 0.500* | 2024* | 6,426* | 2024* | tourism* | 0.731* | 2023* | independent (republic)* | Coup culture: Three coups since independence in 1970 - Fiji, endowed w... |
| Föhr | North Sea | 1* | Belongs to the German island group Nordfriesische Inseln* | continental | 79.00* | low-lying, flat plains; sheltered by the islands Sylt and Amrum * | 13.0* | unnamed |
5* | 50* |
0.00 | | 8,484* | 2024* | 104.5* | 2024* | 0.000 | | | | tourism* | 0.959* | 2023* | dependent (territory of Germany)* | Second largest north sea island |
| French Polynesia | Pacific | 118* | five major island groups: Archipel Des Tuamotu, Iles Gambier, Iles Marquises, Iles Tubuai, Society Islands* | oceanic, coral, volcanic | 4,000.00* | mixture of rugged high islands and low islands with reefs* | 2,241.0* | Mont Orohena - on Tahitit* |
102* | 97* |
2.59* | Time span: 1976-2018; Completeness: 99%; Station ID: 780-011 * | 278,786* | 2022* | 74.0* | 2022* | 0.200* | 2024* | 22,440* | 2024* | tourism, french military* | 0.920* | 2023* | dependent (overseas lands of France)* | The French annexed various Polynesian island groups during the 19th ce... |
| Grenada | Caribbean | 3* | consists of the main island of Grenada, the islands of Carriacou and Petite Martinique, and several smaller islands and cays* | volcanic* | 340.00* | mountainous rainforests to dry lowlands and coastal mangroves* | 840.0* | Mount Saint Catherine* |
34* | 2* |
0.00 | | 109,021* | 2021* | 320.7* | 2021* | 0.100* | 2024* | 11,705* | 2024* | tourism* | 0.791* | 2023* | independent (parliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm)* | The administration of the islands of the Grenadines group is divided b... |
| Gröde | North Sea | 1* | Hallig (flat marsh island with man-made dwelling mounds); belongs to the German island group Nordfriesische Inseln* | continental | 2.50* | low-lying, flat plain which is flooded by the sea during storm surges; houses on man-made dwelling mounds* | 4.3* | Kirchwarft* |
| 81* |
0.00 | | 7* | 2024* | 3.0* | 2024* | 0.000 | | | | agriculture, tourism* | 0.955* | 2023* | dependent (territory of Germany)* | Smalles independent municipality of Germany |
| Guadeloupe | Caribbean* | 9* | 2 main islands (Basse-Terre and Grande-Terre) + approx. 7 smaller islands* | oceanic, coral, volcanic* | 1,702.00* | Basse-Terre is volcanic in origin with interior mountains; Grande-Terre is low limestone formation; most of the seven other islands are volcanic in origin* | 1,467.0* | La Soufrière* |
33* | 97* |
0.00 | | 383,569* | 2022* | 235.5* | 2022* | -0.500* | 2022* | | | tourism* | 0.920* | 2023* | dependent (overseas lands of France)* | often called the butterfly island because its two main islands, Basse-... |
| Guam | Pacific | 1* | southernmost island in the Mariana Islands archipelago* | oceanic, coral, volcanic | 540.00* | volcanic origin, surrounded by coral reefs; relatively flat coralline limestone plateau (source of most fresh water), with steep coastal cliffs and narrow coastal plains in north, low hills in center, mountains in south* | 406.0* | Mount Lamlam* |
86* | 21* |
5.37* | Time span: 1993-2025; Completeness: ??%; Station ID: 1630000* | 153,836* | 2020* | 284.9* | 2020* | 0.800* | 2024* | 41,833* | 2022* | tourism, US national defense spending* | 0.938* | 2023* | dependent (unincorporated territory of the US)* | The military installation on the island is one of the most strategical... |
| Guinea-Bissau | Atlantic | 95* | mainland area+ approx. 95 smaller islands* | continental | 36,130.00* | mostly low coastal plain rising to savanna in east (mainland area)* | 300.0* | unnamed - eastern part of mainland area* |
19* | 160* |
0.00 | | 2,201,352* | 2024* | 60.9* | 2024* | 2.200* | 2022* | 1,008* | 2024* | drug trafficking, fishing* | 0.514* | 2023* | independent (republic)* | One of the poorest countries in the world |
| Guyana | Caribbean | 20* | mainland area + approx. 20 delta islands* | continental, delta islands | 214,970.00* | mostly rolling highlands; low coastal plain; savanna in south* | 2,835.0* | Mount Roraima* |
| 157* |
0.00 | | 878,674* | 2022* | 4.1* | 2022* | 0.600* | 2024* | 29,675* | 2024* | bauxite, gold, rice, sugar* | 0.776* | 2023* | independent (republic)* | The third-smallest country in South America after Suriname and Uruguay... |
| Habel | North Sea | 1* | Hallig (flat marsh island with man-made dwelling mound); belongs to the German island group Nordfriesische Inseln* | continental | 0.07* | low-lying, flat plain which is flooded by the sea during storm surges; one building on man-made dwelling mound* | 3.0* | Norderwarft* |
| 50* |
0.00 | | * | | 0.0* | | 0.000 | | | | no economic activity* | 0.959* | 2023* | dependent (territory of Germany)* | Smallest Hallig of the German Wadden Sea |
| Haiti | Caribbean | 1* | western one-third of Hispaniola + approx. 25 smaller islands* | continental | 27,750.00* | mostly rough and mountainous* | 2,680.0* | Chaine de la Selle* |
43* | 58* |
0.00 | | 11,772,557* | 2024* | 424.2* | 2024* | 1.200* | 2024* | 2,143* | 2024* | agriculture, timber, tourism* | 0.554* | 2023* | independent (republic)* | A massive magnitude 7.0 earthquake struck Haiti in January 2010 with a... |
| Hawaii | Pacific | 137* | archipelago of 8 major islands + 129 smaller islands* | volcanic* | 16,632.90* | volcanic mountainous terrain with rainforests, dry areas and steep sea cliffs* | 4,205.0* | Mauna Kea* |
| 21* |
1.57* | Time span: 1905-2025; Completeness: ??%; Station ID: 1612340* | 1,455,271* | 2020* | 87.5* | 2020* | -0.100* | 2025* | 86,975* | 2025* | construction, tourism, wholesale and retail trade, transportation and warehousing* | 0.938* | 2023* | dependent (territory of the US) | home to Mauna Kea, the world’s tallest mountain when measured from i... |
| Helgoland | North Sea | 2* | main island + smaller island (Helgoland-Düne)* | continental | 1.70* | commonly divided into the Unterland at sea level, the Oberland consisitng of a plateau (which drops to the sea 50 metres high in the north, west and southwest) and the Mittelland between them; small sandy beaches in the north and the south* | 61.0* | Lange Anna* |
| 50* |
0.00 | | 1,329* | 2024* | 316.0* | 2024* | 0.000 | | | | tourism, offshore wind farms* | 0.959* | 2023* | dependent (territory of Germany)* | Germany's only deep-sea island |
| Hooge | North Sea | 1* | Hallig (flat marsh island with man-made dwelling mound); belongs to the German island group Nordfriesische Inseln* | continental | 5.90* | low-lying, flat plain surrounded by a low stone rampart; houses on ten man-made dwelling mounds* | 5.0* | Hansawarft* |
| 50* |
0.00 | | 105* | 2024* | 18.0* | 2024* | 0.000 | | | | tourism* | 0.959* | 2023* | dependent (territory of Germany)* | Second largest Hallig of the German Wadden SeaIceland | Atlantic* | 44 | main island + approx. 43 smaller islands | oceanic, volcanic* | 103,000.00* | mostly plateau interspersed with mountain peaks, icefields; coast deeply indented by bays and fiords* | 2,110.0* | Hvannadalshnukur* |
65* | |
2.41* | Time span: 1956-2022; Completeness: 98%; Station ID: 010-001* | 359,122* | 2021* | 3.5* | 2021* | 0.200* | 2024* | 86,041* | 2024* | alumina, fishing, tourism* | 0.972* | 2023* | independent (constitutional democracy)* | strategic location between Greenland and Europe; westernmost European ... |
| Jamaica | Caribbean | 1* | main island + approx. 15 smaller islands* | continental | 10,990.00* | mostly mountains, with narrow, discontinuous coastal plain* | 2,256.0* | Blue Mountain Peak* |
50* | 11* |
0.00 | | 2,774,538* | 2022* | 252.5* | 2022* | 0.000* | 2024* | 7,754* | 2024* | bauxite, remittances, tourism* | 0.720* | 2023* | independent (constitutional parliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm)* | Strategic location between Cayman Trench and Jamaica Channel, the main... |
| Kiribati | Pacific | 33* | 33 attols* | oceanic, coral | 810.00* | mostly low-lying coral atolls surrounded by extensive reefs* | 81.0* | unnamed - on Banaba* |
87* | 136* |
1.14* | Time span: 1956-2018; Completeness: 90%; Station ID: 770-022 * | 119,438* | 2020* | 165.0* | 2020* | 1.500* | 2024* | 2,289* | 2024* | copra, international aid, tourism* | 0.644* | 2023* | independent (republic)* | 21 of the 33 islands are inhabited; Banaba (Ocean Island) in Kiribati ... |
| Kuril Islands | Pacific | 32* | archipelago of 32 islands with many small rocky islets and outcrops* | volcanic* | 15,600.00* | very different islands, ranging from larger and biodiverse southern islands to smaller, remote, and more isolated central islands with much lower terrestrial biodiversity* | 2,339.0* | Alaid Volcano* |
| 51* |
2.74* | Time span: 1948-1994; Completeness: 97%; Station ID: 630-001* | 20,000* | | 1.3* | | 0.000 | | | | fishing* | 0.832* | 2023* | dependent (under Russian jurisdiction, Japan claims four islands, the Ainu- indigenous people- also claim sovereignty)* | One of the foggiest places on earth |
| La Désirade | Caribbean | 1* | La Désirade is located in the East of the Guadeloupe island group in the Lesser Antilles.* | oceanic, coral, volcanic* | 22.30* | Raised coral limestone island with a central plateau in the interior and a rugged coastline dominated by tuff and basalt formations.* | 273.0* | Grande-Montagne* |
| 97* |
0.00 | | 1,349* | 2022* | 63.9* | 2022* | -1.000* | 2022* | | | tourism* | 0.920* | 2023* | dependent (overseas lands of France)* | According to current knowledge planet Earth is about 4.6 billion years... |
| Langeneß | North Sea | 1* | Hallig (flat marsh island with man-made dwelling mound); belongs to the German island group Nordfriesische Inseln* | continental | 11.57* | low-lying, flat plain which is flooded by the sea during storm surges; houses on 18 man-made dwelling mounds* | 5.0* | unnamed |
| 50* |
0.00 | | 118* | 2024* | 10.0* | 2024* | 0.000 | | | | agriculture, tourism* | 0.959* | 2023* | dependent (territory of Germany)* | Largest Hallig of the German Wadden Sea |
| Madagascar | Indian Ocean | 761* | world's fourth-largest island; one main island, several smaller islands and islets* | continental* | 587,041.00* | narrow coastal plain, high plateau and mountains in center* | 2,876.0* | Maromokotro* |
58* | 29* |
0.00 | | 25,674,196* | 2018* | 43.7* | 2018* | 2.400* | 2024* | 545* | 2024* | automotive components, beer, textiles, tourism, petroleum refining, mining* | 0.487* | 2023* | semi-presidential republic* | approximately 90% of the flora and fauna on the island are found nowhe... |
| Maldives | Indian Ocean | 1,190* | grouped into 26 atolls incl. 200 inhabited islands, plus 80 islands with tourist resorts* | coral | 300.00* | flat, with white sandy beaches* | 2.4* | unnamed on Viligili* |
57* | 144* |
3.39* | Time span: 1987-2018; Completeness: 94%; Station ID: 454-002 * | 382,639* | 2022* | 1,275.5* | 2022* | 0.300* | 2024* | 13,379* | 2024* | tourism* | 0.766* | 2023* | independent (republic)* | Low elevation of islands makes them sensitive to sea level rise |
| Malta | Mediterranean Sea | 7* | 3 large inhabited islands, 4 uninhabited islands* | continental* | 316.00* | archipelago of seven islands with a series of low hills with terraced fields on the slopes; coastline with many harbours, bays, creeks, sandy beaches and rocky coves * | 253.0* | Ta'Dmejrek on Dingli Cliffs* |
35* | 146* |
0.00 | | 519,562* | 2021* | 1,644.2* | 2021* | 2.900* | 2024* | 43,899* | 2024* | finacial services, tourism, transshipment and logistics* | 0.924* | 2023* | independent (parliamentary republic)* | strategic location in the central Mediterranean at the crossroads of E... |
| Marshall Islands | Pacific | 1,225* | 2 archipelagic island chains of 29 atolls + 5 single islands* | oceanic, coral | 180.00* | low coral limestone and sand islands* | 10.0* | unnamed on Likiep* |
88* | 68* |
3.78* | Time span: 1968-2022; Completeness: 95%; Station ID: 720-017 * | 42,418* | 2021* | 233.6* | 2021* | -3.300* | 2024* | 7,726* | 2024* | lease payments for the use of Kwajalein Atoll as a US-military base, US-aid* | 0.733* | 2023* | independent (constitutional government in free association with the US)* | The islands of Bikini and Enewetak are former US nuclear test sites; K... |
| Martinique | Caribbean* | 1* | island in the Lesser Antilles* | oceanic, volcanic* | 1,128.00* | Martinique is very mountainous due to its volcanic geological formations; indented coastline* | 1,397.0* | Mont Pelée* |
42* | 97* |
2.47* | Time span: 1976-2021; Completeness: 43%; Station ID: 912-021 * | 361,019* | 2022* | 320.1* | 2022* | -0.700* | 2022* | | | bananas, rum, tourism* | 0.920* | 2023* | dependent (overseas lands of France)* | In the north, the mountain range is dominated by the Pitons du Carbet ... |
| Mauritius | Indian Ocean | 69* | two main islands (Mauritius & Rodrigues) + 49 offshore islets around Mauritius + 18 islets in Rodrigues lagoon + two island groups (St Brandon & Agalega) which consist of varying numbers of islands and islets.* | volcanic | 2,040.00* | small coastal plain rising to discontinuous mountains encircling central plateau* | 828.0* | Mont Piton* |
87* | 67* |
4.52* | Time span: 1986-2022 Completeness: 98%; Station ID: 450-012 * | 1,235,260* | 2022* | 615.0* | 2022* | -0.200* | 2024* | 11,991* | 2024* | finacial services, sugar, textiles, tourism* | 0.806* | 2023* | independent (republic)* | The main island, from which the country derives its name, is of volcan... |
| Montserrat | Caribbean | 1* | one of the Leeward Islands* | oceanic, volcanic | 102.00* | mostly mountainous, with small coastal lowland* | 930.0* | English's Crater* |
39* | 106* |
0.00 | | 4,386* | 2023* | 43.0* | 2023* | 0.550* | 2025* | 19,300* | 2024* | tourism* | 0.946* | 2023* | dependent (overseas territory of the UK)* | Much of this island was devastated and two-thirds of the population f... |
| Nauru | Pacific | 1* | small island nation surrounded by a coral reef* | oceanic, coral | 21.00* | sandy beach rises to fertile ring around raised coral reefs with phosphate plateau in center* | 61.0* | unnamed* |
97* | |
3.51* | Time span: 1974-2022; Completeness: 94%; Station ID: 715-002 * | 11,680* | 2021* | 556.2* | 2021* | 0.600* | 2024* | 13,609* | 2024* | international aid, phosphates* | 0.703* | 2023* | independent (republic)* | Nauru is one of the three great phosphate rock islands in the Pacific ... |
| New Caledonia | Pacific | 29* | main island + 28 larger islands + several hundred smaller islands* | continental, coral, volcanic | 18,580.00* | coastal plains with interior mountains* | 1,628.0* | Mont Panie* |
88* | 97* |
0.00 | | 247,000* | 2025* | 13.3* | 2025* | 1.000* | 2024* | 29,213* | 2024* | nickel, tourism* | 0.920* | 2023* | dependent (territorial collectivity of France since 1998)* | Consists of the main island of New Caledonia (one of the largest in th... |
| New Zealand | Pacific | 602* | two main islands (North Island & South Island) + over 600 nearshore islands within about 50 kilometres of the main islands* | continental* | 268,838.00* | predominately mountainous with large coastal plains* | 3,724.0* | Aoraki/Mount Cook* |
85* | 102* |
2.74* | Time span: 1944-2021; Completeness: 96%; Station ID: 690-011* | 4,993,923* | 2023* | 18.6* | 2023* | 1.700* | 2024* | 49,205* | 2024* | agriculture, construction, fishing, tourism, mining, manufacturing, financial services* | 0.938* | 2023* | independent (constitutional parliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm)* | highly isolated South Pacific island country with strong Māori cultur... |
| Niue | Pacific | 1* | island country, commonly referred to as "The Rock"* | oceanic, coral | 260.00* | steep limestone cliffs along coast, central plateau* | 68.0* | unnamed* |
97* | 102* |
0.00 | | 1,681* | 2022* | 6.0* | 2022* | -0.400* | 2022* | 11,100* | 2021* | food industry, sale of postage stamps, tourism* | 0.938* | 2023* | Independent (self-governing in free association with New Zealand since 1974; Niue fully responsible for internal affairs; New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs and defense)* | one of world's largest coral islands |
| Norderoog | North Sea | 1* | Hallig (flat marsh island with man-made dwelling mound); belongs to the German island group Nordfriesische Inseln* | continental | 0.08* | low-lying, flat plain which is flooded by the sea during storm surge* | 1.0* | unnamed* |
| 50* |
0.00 | | * | | 0.0 | | 0.000 | | | | no economic activity* | 0.959* | 2023* | dependent (territory of Germany)* | Norderoog is a small private bird Hallig in the Schleswig-Holstein Wad... |
| Nordstrandischmoor | North Sea | 1* | Hallig (flat marsh island with man-made dwelling mound); belongs to the German island group Nordfriesische Inseln* | continental | 1.90* | low-lying, flat plain which is flooded by the sea during storm surges; houses on man-made dwelling mounds* | 3.0* | Neuwarft* |
| 50* |
0.00 | | 23* | 2023* | 0.0 | | 0.000 | | | | tourism* | 0.959* | 2023* | dependent (territory of Germany)* | Nordstrandischmoor ist connected to the mainland by a little railway d... |
| Oland | North Sea | 1* | Hallig (flat marsh island with man-made dwelling mound); belongs to the German island group Nordfriesische Inseln* | continental | 2.01* | low-lying, flat plain which is flooded by the sea during storm surges; houses on one man-made dwelling mound* | 4.0* | Olandwarft* |
| 50* |
0.00 | | 24* | | 0.0 | | 0.000 | | | | tourism* | 0.959* | 2023* | dependent (territory of Germany)* | Oland was already mentioned as an island in 1231 and is therefore prob... |
| Palau | Pacific | 356* | six island groups* | oceanic, coral | 460.00* | varying geologically from the high, mountainous main island of Babelthuap to low, coral islands usually fringed by large barrier reefs* | 242.0* | Mount Ngerchelchuus - on Babelthuap* |
81* | 21* |
2.00* | Time span: 1969-2018; Completeness: 97%; Station ID: 711-021 * | 17,614* | 2020* | 38.3* | 2020* | -0.200* | 2024* | 15,611* | 2023* | fishing, tourism, subsistence agriculture* | 0.786* | 2023* | independent (constitutional government in free association with the US)* | westernmost archipelago in the Caroline chainPapua New Guinea | Pacific | 1,000* | eastern part of New Guinea + several groups of islands + single islands* | continental, coral, volcanic | 462,840.00* | mostly mountains with coastal lowlands and rolling foothills* | 4,509.0* | Mount Wilhelm* |
37* | 4* |
0.00 | | 10,185,363* | 2024* | 22.0* | 2024* | 1.800* | 2024* | 3,007* | 2024* | copper, gas, gold, oil* | 0.576* | 2023* | independent (constitutional parliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm)* | Shares island of New Guinea with Indonesia; one of world's largest swa... |
| Pellworm | North Sea | 1* | belongs to the German island group Nordfriesische Inseln* | continental | 34.30* | low-lying, flat plains; no beaches; completely diked* | 8.0* | dike around the island, unnamed* |
| 50* |
0.00 | | 1,185* | 2024* | 32.0* | 2024* | 0.000 | | | | agriculture, fishing, tourism, renewable energy* | 0.959* | 2023* | dependent (territory of Germany)* | Pellworm lies below sea level at high tide and depends on its sea dike... |
| Puerto Rico | Caribbean | 9* | main island + 8 smaller islands* | continental | 8,870.00* | mostly mountains with coastal plain belt in north; mountains precipitous to sea on west coast; sandy beaches along most coastal areas* | 1,338.0* | Cerro de Punta* |
46* | 127* |
2.16* | Time span: 1962-2025; Completeness: ??%; Station ID: 9755371* | 3,285,874* | 2020* | 370.5* | 2020* | 0.000* | 2024* | 39,344* | 2024* | fish processing, mechanical engineering, pharmacy, rum, textiles, tourism* | 0.938* | 2023* | dependent (unincorporated, organized territory of the US with commonwealth status; policy relations between Puerto Rico and the US conducted under the jurisdiction of the Office of the President)* | Important location along the Mona Passage - a key shipping lane to the... |
| Réunion* | Indian Ocean* | 1* | located in the Mascarene Islands* | oceanic, volcanic* | 2,500.00* | mostly rugged and mountainous; fertile lowlands along coast* | 3,070.0* | Piton des Neiges* |
73* | 97* |
2.05* | Time span: 1975-2022; Completeness: 73%; Station ID: 451-001 * | 881,348* | 2022* | 352.0* | 2022* | 0.500* | 2022* | | | agriculture, sugar, services* | 0.920* | 2023* | dependent (overseas lands of France)* | Réunion has one of the world’s most active volcanoes, Piton de la F... |
| Rottnest Island | Indian Ocean | 1* | largest island in a chain of limestone islands and reefs on the continental shelf off Western Australia* | continental* | 19.00* | low-lying limestone terrain with headlands, bays, sandy beaches, offshore reefs and inland salt lakes* | 45.0* | Wadjemup Hill* |
| 55* |
0.00 | | 166* | 2021* | 8.7* | 2021* | -6.750* | 2021* | | | tourism* | 0.958* | 2023* | dependent (territory of Australia)* | protected Class A Reserve with six distinct ecosystems: woodland, wetl... |
| Rügen | Baltic Sea | 1* | Germany's largest island by area.* | continental* | 973.00* | Flat plains in the southern heartland and smooth hills in the northern and eastern heartland of the island; the partly steep coast is highly fragmented by several Boddens and Bays* | 161.0* | Piekberg* |
3* | 50* |
0.00 | | 64,300* | 2021* | 70.0* | 2021* | 0.000 | | | | tourism* | 0.959* | 2023* | dependent (territory of Germany)* | Rügen is connected to the mainland of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern by the ... |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | Caribbean | 2* | 2 inhabitated islands + 1uninhabitated islet * | oceanic, volcanic | 260.00* | volcanic with mountainous interiors* | 1,156.0* | Mount Liamuiga* |
41* | 121* |
0.00 | | 51,320* | 2022* | 197.4* | 2022* | 0.200* | 2024* | 23,961* | 2024* | tourism* | 0.840* | 2023* | independent (parliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm)* | With coastlines in the shape of a baseball bat and ball, the two volca... |
| Saint Lucia | Caribbean | 1* | main island + approx. 5 uninhabitated islets* | oceanic, volcanic | 620.00* | volcanic and mountainous with some broad, fertile valleys* | 950.0* | Mount Gimie* |
41* | 119* |
0.00 | | 171,834* | 2022* | 278.4* | 2022* | 0.200* | 2024* | 14,182* | 2024* | offshore banking, tourism* | 0.748* | 2023* | independent (parliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm)* | The twin Pitons (Gros Piton and Petit Piton), striking cone-shaped pea... |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | Caribbean | 32* | main island + 31 smaller islands* | oceanic, volcanic | 390.00* | volcanic and mountainous* | 1,234.0* | La Soufriere* |
37* | 1* |
0.00 | | 109,296* | 2023* | 279.5* | 2023* | -0.700* | 2024* | 11,501* | 2024* | bananas, construction, remittances, tourism* | 0.798* | 2023* | independent (parliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm)* | 1. Soufriere volcano on the island of Saint Vincent is a constant thre... |
| Samoa | Pacific | 10* | 2 main islands + 2 smaller inhabitated islands + six uninhabitated islands* | oceanic, volcanic | 2,840.00* | two main islands (Savaii, Upolu) and several smaller islands and uninhabited islets; narrow coastal plain with volcanic, rocky, rugged mountains in interior* | 1,857.0* | Mount Silisili* |
137* | 71* |
0.00 | | 205,557* | 2021* | 72.4* | 2021* | 0.600* | 2024* | 5,393* | 2024* | automotive components, beer, copra, remittances, tourism* | 0.708* | 2023* | independent (parliamentary democracy including traditional Samoan structures)* | Occupies an almost central position within Polynesia |
| São Tomé und Príncipe | Atlantic | 3* | main island + 2 smaller islands* | volcanic | 964.00* | volcanic and mountainous* | 2,024.0* | Pico de Sao Tome* |
39* | |
0.00 | | 212,017* | 2024* | 219.9* | 2024* | 2.000* | 2024* | 3,491* | 2024* | cocoa* | 0.637* | 2023* | independent (republic)* | The two main islands form part of a chain of extinct volcanoes and bot... |
| Sarichef Island | Arctic Ocean | 1* | Part of a 100 km-long system of flat barrier islands along the Chukchi Sea-facing coast of Alaska.* | continental | 7.20* | Long and narrow coastal island with low-lying, flat and barren terrain.* | 6.0* | unnamed* |
| 21* |
0.00 | | 576* | 2020* | 80.0* | 2020* | 1.675* | 2014* | 10,487* | 2010* | fishing* | 0.938* | 2023* | dependent (territory of the US)* | Global climate change is doubtlessly one of the most debated issues of... |
| Seychelles | Indian Ocean | 116* | 2 groups of islands: Inner Islands and Outer Islands; 41 granitic and about 75 coralline islands* | continental, coral | 460.00* | Mahe Group is granitic, narrow coastal strip, rocky, hilly; others are coral, flat, elevated reefs* | 905.0* | Morne Seychellois* |
77* | 115* |
0.00 | | 102,612* | 2022* | 223.1* | 2022* | 1.300* | 2024* | 17,859* | 2024* | fishing, tourism* | 0.848* | 2023* | independent (republic)* | The smallest country in Africa |
| Singapore | Pacific, Indian Ocean | 59* | main island + 58 smaller islands* | continental | 710.00* | lowland; gently undulating central plateau contains water catchment area and nature preserve* | 166.0* | Bukit Timah* |
3* | |
3.22* | Time span: 1969-2022; Completeness: 92%; Station ID: 555-021 * | 5,685,800* | 2020* | 8,008.2* | 2020* | 2.000* | 2024* | 90,674* | 2024* | exports, finacial sector* | 0.946* | 2023* | independent (parliamentary republic)* | Focal point for Southeast Asian sea routes |
| Sint Maarten | Caribbean | 1* | southern part of St.Martin + 4 uninhabitated rocks* | oceanic, volcanic | 34.00* | low, hilly terrain, volcanic origin* | 386.0* | Mount Flagstaff* |
42* | 81* |
0.00 | | 43,350* | 2024* | 1,275.0* | 2024* | 1.400* | 2024* | 41,473* | 2024* | tourism* | 0.955* | 2023* | dependent (constituent country within the Kingdom of the Netherlands; full autonomy in internal affairs granted in 2010; Dutch Government responsible for defense and foreign affairs)* | In a 2000 referendum, the citizens of Sint Maarten voted to become a ... |
| Solomon Islands | Pacific | 998* | 6 main islands + 992 smaller islands and attols* | oceanic, coral, volcanic | 28,900.00* | mostly rugged mountains with some low coral atolls* | 2,310.0* | Mount Popomanaseu* |
75* | 111* |
3.65* | Time span: 1974-2022; Completeness: 98%; Station ID: 734-004 * | 720,956* | 2019* | 23.7* | 2019* | 2.400* | 2024* | 1,934* | 2024* | bauxite, copper, fishing, gold, zinc* | 0.584* | 2023* | independent (parliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm)* | Ethnic violence, government malfeasance, and endemic crime have underm... |
| Spiekeroog | North Sea | 1* | Belongs to the German island group Ostfriesische Inseln* | continental* | 18.25* | flat, with sandy beaches, dense tree coverage and lush green vegetation* | 25.0* | Weiße Düne* |
| 50* |
0.00 | | 648* | 2025* | 35.5* | 2025* | 0.000 | | | | tourism* | 0.959* | 2023* | dependent (territory of Germany)* | Spiekeroog is subject to constant reshaping by tides, currents, waves,... |
| Süderoog | North Sea | 1* | Hallig (flat marsh island with man-made dwelling mound); belongs to the German island group Nordfriesische Inseln* | continental | 0.62* | low-lying, flat plain which is flooded by the sea during storm surges; house on man-made dwelling mound* | 4.8* | Süderoog Warft crest* |
| 50* |
0.00 | | 2* | 2023* | 3.2* | 2023* | 0.000 | | | | tourism* | 0.959* | 2023* | dependent (territory of Germany)* | Part of a highly managed conservation landscape, with national park ra... |
| Südfall | North Sea | 1* | Hallig (flat marsh island with man-made dwelling mound); belongs to the German island group Nordfriesische Inseln* | continental | 0.56* | low-lying, flat plain which is flooded by the sea during storm surges; one man-made dwelling mound* | 4.8* | Südfall Warft* |
| 50* |
0.00 | | * | | 0.0* | | 0.000 | | | | tourism* | 0.959* | 2023* | dependent (territory of Germany)* | Südfall is a protected bird breeding and resting area, inhabited on... |
| Suriname | Atlantic | * | One mainland territory and therefore not an island in the strict physical sense, but often treated as part of the wider/insular Caribbean due to regional and socio-historical links.* | continental | 163,820.00* | mostly rolling hills; narrow coastal plain with swamps* | 1,230.0* | Juliana Top* |
| 126* |
0.00 | | 634,431* | 2024* | 3.9* | 2024* | 0.900* | 2024* | 6,962* | 2024* | alumina, gold, oil* | 0.722* | 2023* | independent (constitutional democracy)* | smallest independent country on South American continent; mostly tropi... |
| Svalbard | Arctic Ocean | 400* | Spitsbergen is the largest and most populated island of the Svalbard archipelago* | oceanic* | 61,022.00* | 60% of Svalbard's land area is covered by glaciers * | 1,713.0* | Newtontoppen* |
51* | 145* |
-2.56* | Time span: 1948-2022; Completeness: 92%; Station ID: 025-001* | 2,512* | 2026* | 0.0* | 2026* | -0.630* | 2026* | | | tourism, mining, research* | 0.970* | 2023* | dependent (territory of Norway; Norwegian sovereignty under the Svalbard Treaty)* | governed under the Svalbard Treaty, which confirms Norwegian sovereign... |
| Sylt | North Sea | 1* | belongs to the German island group Nordfriesische Inseln; connected with mainland by the Hindenburgdamm* | continental | 89.50* | low-lying, flat plains in the interior; sandy beaches and sand dunes at the west coast and in the north* | 53.0* | Uwe-Düne* |
8* | 50* |
0.00 | | 14,167* | 2024* | 247.0* | 2024* | 0.000 | | | | tourism* | 0.959* | 2023* | dependent (territory of Germany)* | Largest German north sea island; German Wadden Sea between the east co... |
| Ternate | Pacific | 1 | belongs to the Malaku Islands in eastern Indonesia* | oceanic, volcanic | 112.30* | The topography of the island is dominated by a central stratovolcano surrounded by manly flat and fertile coastal areas which are protected by an almost closed belt of coral reefs.* | 1,715.0* | Gamalama* |
| 27* |
0.00 | | 206,745* | 2022* | 1,274.6* | 2022* | 0.003* | 2022* | | | agriculture, fishing, tourism* | 0.728* | 2023* | dependent (territory of Indonesia)* | Numerous islands could be chosen to exemplify the topic of islands as ... |
| Timor-Leste | Pacific | 3* | eastern part of Timor + 2 smaller islands* | volcanic | 14,870.00* | mountainous* | 2,963.0* | Foho Tatamailau* |
32* | |
0.00 | | 1,341,737* | 2022* | 90.0* | 2022* | 1.200* | 2024* | 1,332* | 2024* | agriculture, timber* | 0.634* | 2023* | independent (republic)* | East Timor became the first new sovereign state of the 21st century on... |
| Tiran & Sanafir | Indian Ocean | 2 | Two uninhabited and sandy desert islands in the Straits of Tiran which separate the Gulf of Aqaba from the Red Sea.* | continental | 97.60* | mountainous dry desert* | 524.0* | Dschabal Tīrān on Tiran* |
7* | 36* |
0.00 | | * | | 0.0* | | 0.000 | | | | tourism* | 0.900* | 2023* | dependent (territory of Saudi Arabia)* | Two desolate mounds of sand or key geopolitical nodes. Approaching the... |
| Tonga | Pacific | 169* | archipelago of 169 islands (36 inhabited)* | oceanic, coral, volcanic | 750.00* | most islands have limestone base formed from uplifted coral formation; others have limestone overlying volcanic base* | 1,003.0* | unnamed on Kao Island* |
103* | 164* |
0.00 | | 100,179* | 2021* | 133.6* | 2021* | -0.400* | 2024* | 5,652* | 2023* | remittances, tourism* | 0.769* | 2023* | independent (constitutional monarchy)* | Tonga - unique among Pacific nations - never completely lost its indig... |
| Trinidad & Tobago | Caribbean | 2* | twin island country, Trinidad being approx. 16 times bigger than Tobago * | continental | 5,130.00* | mostly plains with some hills and low mountains* | 940.0* | El Cerro del Aripo* |
15* | 116* |
0.00 | | 1,368,333* | 2024* | 266.7* | 2024* | 0.100* | 2024* | 18,733* | 2024* | gas, oil* | 0.807* | 2023* | independent (parliamentary democracy)* | Pitch Lake, on Trinidad's southwestern coast, is the world's largest n... |
| Turks and Caicos Islands | Atlantic* | 40* | 8 inhabited islands + approx. 32 uninhabited islands grouped into 2 archipelagos* | coral* | 950.00* | low, flat limestone; extensive marshes and mangrove swamps* | 48.0* | Flamingo Hill* |
41* | 106* |
0.00 | | 47,720* | 2022* | 50.3* | 2022* | 0.700* | 2024* | 37,507* | 2024* | offshore financial services, tourism* | 0.946* | 2023* | dependent (overseas territory of the UK)* | destination and transit point for illegal Haitian immigrants bound for... |
| Tuvalu | Pacific | 9* | island group consisting of nine coral atolls* | oceanic, coral | 30.00* | low-lying and narrow coral atolls* | 5.0* | unnamed* |
82* | 139* |
3.92* | Time span: 1977-2022; Completeness: 96%; Station ID: 732-012 * | 10,643* | 2022* | 423.0* | 2022* | -1.700* | 2024* | 6,345* | 2023* | copra, fishing, leasing of its ".tv" Internet domain name, remittances* | 0.689* | 2023* | independent (parliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm)* | One of the smallest and most remote countries on Earth; six of the nin... |
| U.S. Virgin Islands | Caribbean | 34* | 3 main islands +31 smaller islands* | coral, volcanic | 350.00* | mostly hilly to rugged and mountainous with little level land* | 474.0* | Crown Mountain* |
| 21* |
2.71* | Time span: 1977-2025; Completeness: ??%; Station ID: 9751401* | 87,146* | 2020* | 249.0* | 2020* | -0.500* | 2024* | 44,321* | 2022* | tourism* | 0.938* | 2023* | dependent (territory of the US)* | Important location along the Anegada Passage - a key shipping lane for... |
| Usedom | Baltic Sea | 1* | The majority of the island belongs to Germany, a smaller part in the East of the island belongs to Poland. However, the surface area of the German part of Usedom makes it to the second largest island of the country. * | continental* | 445.00* | Partly flat, partly steep coastline* | 69.0* | Golm* |
| 50* |
0.81* | Time span: 1811-1999; Completeness: 97%; Station ID: 110-092 * | 76,500* | | 171.9* | | 0.000 | | | | tourism* | 0.959* | 2023* | dependent (territory of Germany and Poland)* | One of the sunniest places in Germany and home to both the country's o... |
| Vanuatu | Pacific | 83* | 65 inhabited* | oceanic, volcanic | 12,190.00* | mostly mountainous islands of volcanic origin; narrow coastal plains* | 1,877.0* | Tabwemasan - on Espiritu Santo* |
62* | 153* |
0.00 | | 300,019* | 2020* | 24.4* | 2020* | 2.300* | 2024* | 3,411* | 2024* | agriculture, fishing, offshore financial services, tourism* | 0.621* | 2023* | independent (parliamentary republic)* | A Y-shaped chain of four main islands and 80 smaller islands; several ... |
| Venice (centro storico) | Mediterranean Sea | 118* | flat and densely populated marsh islands in the Venetian Lagoon of Italy* | continental | 7.06* | Highly urbanised and compact conglomerate of 118 flat and fortified islands which are linked to each other by numerous bridges (centro storico).* | 1.0* | unnamed |
| 104* |
2.44* | Time span: 1872-2000; Completeness: 96%; Station ID: 270-054 * | 47,625* | 2025* | 6,745.8* | 2025* | -1.780* | 2025* | | | tourism* | 0.915* | 2023* | dependent (territory of Italy)* | The repeated invasion of mounted armies drove an increasing number of ... |
| Viti Levu | Pacific* | 1* | largest island of the Republic of Fiji* | oceanic, coral* | 10,388.00* | Mainly flat coasts and a rugged, mountainous interior of volcanic origin. The island is divided into roughly equal halves by a north-south mountain range. The eastern side of the island experiences high rates of precipitation, while the western side is noticeably drier. The distribution of rainfall is the determining factor in the country’s vegetation. Dense forests and coastal mangrove swamps are found in the east and grasslands, with coconut palms on the coasts, in the west. Large parts of the island’s coastline is naturally protected by coral reefs.* | 1,324.0* | Mount Tomanivi* |
83* | 163* |
7.95* | Time span: 1972-2022; Completeness: 95%; Station ID: 742-014* | 715,325* | 2017* | 68.9* | 2017* | 0.000 | | | | agriculture, cocoa, copra, fishing, remittances, timber, tourism* | 0.731* | 2023* | dependent (territory of Fiji)* | Viti Levu has by far the largest land mass of the 332 islands that mak... |
| Wilhelmsburg | | 3 | Hamburg district located mainly of Wilhelmsburg Island- Germany's largest river island- also including Hohe Schaar Island and parts of Neuhof Island* | delta islands* | 35.30* | urban delta-island terrain with canals, dikes, port and residential areas, plus woodland, meadow and marshland areas* | 40.0* | Energieberg* |
| 50* |
0.00 | | 53,767* | 2025* | 1,545.0* | 2023* | -0.570* | 2025* | | | oil, transshipment and logistics, chemicals, wheat processing* | 0.959* | 2023* | dependent (territory of Germany)* | formed by the joining of several Elbe islands through diking, land rai... |
